{"id":645,"date":"2016-12-30T15:07:54","date_gmt":"2016-12-30T12:07:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bolayirdogancelik.com\/?p=645"},"modified":"2026-04-14T08:18:31","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T08:18:31","slug":"12-banka-tarafindan-olusturulan-kartele-iliskin-hukuki-surec-ve-degerlendirmeler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bolayirdogancelik.com\/en\/12-banka-tarafindan-olusturulan-kartele-iliskin-hukuki-surec-ve-degerlendirmeler\/","title":{"rendered":"12 Banka Taraf\u0131ndan Olu\u015fturulan Kartele \u0130li\u015fkin Hukuki S\u00fcre\u00e7 ve De\u011ferlendirmeler"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00d6ncelikle kartelin tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 tekrar g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmekte fayda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Rekabet Kurulu karar\u0131nda ve Rekabeti S\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 Anla\u015fma, Uyumlu Eylem Ve Kararlar \u0130le Hakim Durumun K\u00f6t\u00fcye Kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 Halinde Verilecek Para Cezalar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Y\u00f6netmelik\u2019in m. 3\/\u00e7 bendinde belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere; <strong>Kartel<\/strong>, fiyat tespiti, m\u00fc\u015fterilerin, sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n, b\u00f6lgelerin ya da ticaret kanallar\u0131n\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, arz miktar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131 veya kotalar konmas\u0131, ihalelerde dan\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 hareket konular\u0131nda, rakipler aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen, rekabeti s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 anla\u015fma ve\/veya uyumlu eylemleri ifade eder.<\/p>\n<p>Rekabet Kurulu, 08.03.2013 tarihli 2011-4-91 Dosya ve 13-13\/198-100 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131yla 12 bankan\u0131n 21 A\u011fustos 2007 ve 22 Eyl\u00fcl 2011 aras\u0131nda mevduat, kredi ve kredi kart\u0131 konular\u0131nda birlikte fiyat tespit etmek amac\u0131yla \u201ckartel olu\u015fturdu\u011fu\u201dnu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla 4054 say\u0131l\u0131 Rekabetin Korunmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019un \u201cRekabeti S\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 Anla\u015fma, Uyumlu Eylem ve Kararlar\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 4. maddesinin ihlal edildi\u011fini ve olu\u015fturulan kartel neticesinde banka m\u00fc\u015fterileri olan t\u00fcketiciler, tacirler ve kamu kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ma\u011fdur edildi\u011fini tespit etmi\u015f olup, bu tespitin sonucunda kartel olu\u015fturan 12 bankaya 4054 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 16. maddesinin 3. f\u0131kras\u0131 ve Rekabeti S\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 Anla\u015fma, Uyumlu Eylem ve Kararlar \u0130le Hakim Durumun K\u00f6t\u00fcye Kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 Halinde Verilecek Para Cezalar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Y\u00f6netmelik uyar\u0131nca farkl\u0131 miktarlarda olmak \u00fczere toplam 1,116,957,468 TL (Bir milyar y\u00fczonalt\u0131 milyon dokuzy\u00fczelliyedi bin d\u00f6rty\u00fczaltm\u0131\u015fsekiz T\u00fcrk Liras\u0131) idari para cezas\u0131 kesmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130dari para cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lan bankalar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Akbank T.A.\u015e.<\/li>\n<li>Denizbank A.\u015e.<\/li>\n<li>Finans Bank A.\u015e.<\/li>\n<li>HSBC Bank A.\u015e.<\/li>\n<li>ING Bank A.\u015e.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcrk Ekonomi Bankas\u0131 A.\u015e.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcrkiye Halk Bankas\u0131 A.\u015e.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f Bankas\u0131 A.\u015e.<\/li>\n<li>Yap\u0131 ve Kredi Bankas\u0131 A.\u015e.<\/li>\n<li>T.C. Ziraat Bankas\u0131 A.\u015e.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcrkiye Garanti Bankas\u0131 A.\u015e.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcrkiye Vak\u0131flar Bankas\u0131 T.A.O.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kartel olu\u015fturdu\u011fu tespit edilerek idari para cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lan 12 bankan\u0131n tamam\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu karar\u0131n iptali istemiyle yarg\u0131 yoluna ba\u015fvurmu\u015flard\u0131r. Karar\u0131n iptali i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lan ilk derece mahkemesindeki davalar, ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 dava olmas\u0131 hasebiyle Ankara 2. \u0130dare Mahkemesi\u2019nde toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00f6z konusu idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n iptali istemiyle a\u00e7\u0131lan davalar\u0131 inceleyen Ankara 2. \u0130dare Mahkemesi, Kurul karar\u0131n\u0131 hukuka uygun bularak Davac\u0131 bankalar\u0131n iptal istemlerini reddetmi\u015ftir. Dan\u0131\u015ftay 13. Dairesi, bankalar\u0131n \u0130dare Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131n\u0131n bozulmas\u0131 ve Kurul karar\u0131n\u0131n hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi talebiyle yapm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 temyiz ba\u015fvurular\u0131 neticesinde \u0130dare Mahkemesi ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Kurul karar\u0131n\u0131 hukuka uygun bularak, Ankara 2. \u0130dare Mahkemesi\u2019nin verdi\u011fi karar\u0131 onam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Rekabet Kurulu\u2019nun gerek\u00e7eli karar\u0131n\u0131n Belge-6 de\u011ferlendirilmesi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ge\u00e7en Tablo 16\u2019da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit \u00f6nemli ve \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Rekabet Kurulu\u2019na g\u00f6re,<\/p>\n<p>Konut kredilerinde 15 baz puanl\u0131k<\/p>\n<p>\u0130htiya\u00e7 kredilerinde 10 baz puanl\u0131k<\/p>\n<p>Ta\u015f\u0131t kredilerinde 5-20 baz puan aras\u0131nda bir kartel uzla\u015fmas\u0131; yani hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak ortak faiz art\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p>\n<p>K\u0131sacas\u0131 bankalar; y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki mevzuat h\u00fck\u00fcmleri gere\u011fince serbest\u00e7e belirleyebildikleri azami mevduat ve kredi faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131 rekabet hukuku kurallar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak bir mutabakat dahilinde anla\u015farak belirlemi\u015f ve bu surette t\u00fcketicileri zarara u\u011fratm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Sonu\u00e7 olarak soru\u015fturma konusu bankalar\u0131n; mevduat, kredi, kredi kart\u0131 hizmetleri, faiz oranlar\u0131 ve birtak\u0131m \u00fccretlerin belirlenmesi konular\u0131nda piyasada rekabeti engelleme, bozma ya da k\u0131s\u0131tlama etkisi do\u011furan veya bu etkiyi do\u011furabilecek nitelikte olan anla\u015fma ve uyumlu eylem i\u00e7erisinde bulunduklar\u0131, ileti\u015fim i\u00e7erisinde belirledikleri fiyatlar\u0131 fiilen uygulad\u0131klar\u0131, ticari s\u0131r niteli\u011findeki bilgileri birbirleriyle payla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, piyasaya y\u00f6nelik kararlar\u0131n uyum ve m\u00fczakere i\u00e7erisinde beraberce al\u0131nmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik irade mutabakat\u0131 do\u011frultusunda yani kas\u0131tl\u0131 ve bilin\u00e7li olarak hareket ettikleri, bu mutabakat kapsam\u0131nda kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan hususlar\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irildi\u011finin iktisadi analiz ve grafiklerle sabit oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015f ve 4054 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 4. maddesi ihlal edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130hlale ili\u015fkin Rekabet Kurulu karar\u0131 ve ilgili mahkeme kararlar\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ilgili bankalar nezdinde yukar\u0131da belirtilmi\u015f olan tarihler aras\u0131nda mevduat hesab\u0131 veya kredi kart\u0131 bulunan ya da ilgili bankalardan kredi kullanm\u0131\u015f olan t\u00fcketici, t\u00fcccar ve kamu t\u00fczel ki\u015filiklerinin dava a\u00e7ma haklar\u0131 do\u011fmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>Bahse konu tazminat davas\u0131, zarar\u0131n miktar\u0131 tam olarak hesaplanamayaca\u011f\u0131 ve bu zarar\u0131n ancak rekabet kurumu uzman\u0131 bilirki\u015filerce yap\u0131lacak incelemeler neticesinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak olmas\u0131 sebebiyle \u201cbelirsiz alacak davas\u0131\u201d olarak a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6revli mahkeme davac\u0131 ki\u015fi veya kurulu\u015fa g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcketiciler taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lacak davalar, T\u00fcketici Mahkemeleri\u2019nde,<\/p>\n<p>Tacir taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lacak davalar, Ticaret Mahkemeleri\u2019nde,<\/p>\n<p>Kamu Kurumlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lacak davalar ise Asliye Hukuk Mahkemeleri\u2019nde a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00d6ncelikle kartelin tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 tekrar g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmekte fayda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Rekabet Kurulu karar\u0131nda ve Rekabeti S\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 Anla\u015fma, Uyumlu Eylem Ve Kararlar \u0130le Hakim Durumun K\u00f6t\u00fcye Kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 Halinde Verilecek Para Cezalar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Y\u00f6netmelik\u2019in m. 3\/\u00e7 bendinde belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere; Kartel, fiyat tespiti, m\u00fc\u015fterilerin, sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n, b\u00f6lgelerin ya da ticaret kanallar\u0131n\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, arz miktar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131 veya kotalar konmas\u0131, ihalelerde dan\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 hareket&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bolayirdogancelik.com\/en\/12-banka-tarafindan-olusturulan-kartele-iliskin-hukuki-surec-ve-degerlendirmeler\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">12 Banka Taraf\u0131ndan Olu\u015fturulan Kartele \u0130li\u015fkin Hukuki S\u00fcre\u00e7 ve De\u011ferlendirmeler<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2208,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","neve_meta_reading_time":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[12,13,14,15,16,18,19],"class_list":["post-645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rekabet-hukuku-makaleler","tag-12-banka","tag-3-kati","tag-banka","tag-banka-kartel","tag-kartel","tag-rekabet-hukuku","tag-tazminat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bolayirdogancelik.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/645","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bolayirdogancelik.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bolayirdogancelik.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bolayirdogancelik.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bolayirdogancelik.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=645"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bolayirdogancelik.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/645\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2181,"href":"https:\/\/bolayirdogancelik.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/645\/revisions\/2181"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bolayirdogancelik.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2208"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bolayirdogancelik.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bolayirdogancelik.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=645"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bolayirdogancelik.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}